GRC-17536 is an orally available, potent and selective
inhibitor of Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) with IC50
value less than 10 nM. Moreover, it shows more than 1000 fold selectivity over
other TRPs, a large panel of GPCRs, enzymes and other ion channels. It has
proven highly efficacious in treating inflammatory and neuropathic pain in
animal models compared to other commercial drugs. It reversed hyperalgesia in in vivo models of Freund's complete
adjuvant. In addition, when tested in an in
vivo model of asthma, it showed promising effect on airway inflammation,
bronchoconstriction and cough. The compound has showed good safety in the
safety pharmacology and toxicology studies performed till date. GRC-17536 blocked allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), Formalin, 4-HNE, H2O2 crotonaldehyde and15-dPGJ2 activated human TRPA1 receptor with IC50 in narrow range of 1 to 6 nM [1].
At present, GRC-17536 is the only TRP ligand announced as candidate
to clinical investigation for the treatment of respiratory disorders as well as
an analgesic drug. GRC-17536 will be formulated to be administered via the
inhaled route to be used in the respiratory indications. Good efficacy has been
observed for GRC-17536 when administered via inhaled route in preclinical
pharmacology studies. In guinea pig asthma model of ovalbumin-induced pulmonary
eosinophilia, GRC-17536 (100 mg/kg, i.p.)
completely attenuated eosinophilia in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid comparable
with the PDE-4 inhibitor Roflumilast (1 mg/kg, p.o.). At the same dose, it also inhibited AITC-induced cough
response by 60%. These effects of GRC 17536 can be attributed to TRPA1 receptor blockade. GRC 17536 holds promise for potential treatment of respiratory disorders like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
The
activity of GRC-17536 is as follows:
IC50 (TRPA1 biochemical assay) = less than 10
nM
Common Name: GRC-17536
Synonyms: GRC-17536; GRC17536; GRC
17536
IUPAC Name:
CAS Number:
Mechanism of Action: TRPA1 Inhibitor; Transient
Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 Inhibitor
Indication: Treatment of Pain; Analgesic Drugs; Anti-inflammatory Drugs;
Treatment of Respiratory Disorders; Treatment of COPD; Antitussives
Development Stage: Phase II
Company: Glenmark Pharmaceuticals
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are complex, multi-component respiratory diseases involving persistent airway inflammation. Current anti-inflammatory therapies, such as corticosteroids and others, do not fulfill the critertia for a successful treatment. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 channel (TRPA1) is emerging as an attractive target for therapeutic intervention of respiratory diseases. TRPA1 receptor is expressed on airway sensory neurons. It is activated by various components of inflammatory soup and multiple pro-tussive stimuli including cigarette smoke. It is therefore implicated in airway inflammation and sensory responses. Thus, TRPA1 receptor blockade provides a novel mechanism for treatment of inflammatory airways disorders such as asthma and COPD.
Whats the structure for GRC-17536?
Till date, Glenmark Pharma has not disclosed the structure for GRC-17536. As a matter of fact, Glenmark has not disclosed anything about their molecules in clinical trials. Net searches are proof to that. One can find few news items about their work but nothing substantial about their molecules.
In a publication from year 2015 [2], Glenmark has claimed the molecules with IUPAC name N-{4-[2,4-difluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}-2-(1,3-di-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)acetamide (structure below) a TRPA1 inhibitor as active ingredient.
The hTRPA1 IC50 is below 50 nM for this molecule, but it has poor solubility (less than 0.2 ug/mL). This issue was addressed by a patent filed by Glenmark, wherein a solubility-enhancing methylene phosphate group was incorporated on the thiazole ring. This change had a detrimental effect on potency relative to their parent compound (IC50 = 100-500 nM) however, both the solubility (greater than 1200 ug/mL) and rat Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK) profile of the phosphates was greatly improved. Subsitutuion with methylene phosphate group showed many fold rise in Cmax (from less than 250 to greater than 4000 ng/mL) and AUC0-24 values (from less than 4000 to greater than 50000 ng h/mL).
References:
1. Joshi, N.; et. al. GRC 17536, a novel, selective TRPA1 antagonist for potential treatment of respiratory disorders. European Respiratory Society, Annual Congress; 18-22 September 2010; Barcelona, Spain. (here)
2. Gullapalli, S.; et. al. Pharmaceutical Composition Comprising A Trpa1 Antagonist And An Analgesic Agent. US20150105406A1
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are complex, multi-component respiratory diseases involving persistent airway inflammation. Current anti-inflammatory therapies, such as corticosteroids and others, do not fulfill the critertia for a successful treatment. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 channel (TRPA1) is emerging as an attractive target for therapeutic intervention of respiratory diseases. TRPA1 receptor is expressed on airway sensory neurons. It is activated by various components of inflammatory soup and multiple pro-tussive stimuli including cigarette smoke. It is therefore implicated in airway inflammation and sensory responses. Thus, TRPA1 receptor blockade provides a novel mechanism for treatment of inflammatory airways disorders such as asthma and COPD.
Whats the structure for GRC-17536?
Till date, Glenmark Pharma has not disclosed the structure for GRC-17536. As a matter of fact, Glenmark has not disclosed anything about their molecules in clinical trials. Net searches are proof to that. One can find few news items about their work but nothing substantial about their molecules.
In a publication from year 2015 [2], Glenmark has claimed the molecules with IUPAC name N-{4-[2,4-difluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}-2-(1,3-di-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)acetamide (structure below) a TRPA1 inhibitor as active ingredient.
References:
1. Joshi, N.; et. al. GRC 17536, a novel, selective TRPA1 antagonist for potential treatment of respiratory disorders. European Respiratory Society, Annual Congress; 18-22 September 2010; Barcelona, Spain. (here)
2. Gullapalli, S.; et. al. Pharmaceutical Composition Comprising A Trpa1 Antagonist And An Analgesic Agent. US20150105406A1
